OCORRÊNCIA DE Aspergillus spp. E AFLATOXINAS EM AMOSTRAS DE AMENDOIM IN NATURA E PAÇOCAS.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18316/137Abstract
Algumas espécies de fungos do gênero Aspergillus são potenciais produtoras de aflatoxina, um metabólito secundário tóxico ao homem e animais, dentre elas, A. flavus e A. parasiticus, reconhecidos como aflatoxigênicos desde o início da década de 60. Nos humanos, as aflatoxinas são conhecidas por serem compostos mutagênicos, carcinogênicos e teratogênicos. Este trabalho avaliou a presença de fungos e a produção de aflatoxinas em grãos de amendoim in natura destinados às indústrias gaúchas e em paçocas adquiridas em estabelecimentos comerciais em Porto Alegre. A análise fúngica foi realizada a partir do plaqueamento direto dos grãos e a detecção da presença das aflatoxinas através da cromatografia em camada delgada bidimensional. Constatou-se a ocorrência de Aspergillus spp em 67% das amostras de amendoim e 33% de paçocas, aflatoxinas foram detectadas em 58% das amostras de amendoim e 60% de paçocas. Os resultados evidenciaram relação entre a presença de Aspergillus spp e a presença de aflatoxina nos grãos, mas não em paçocas. Dentre as sete amostras de amendoim in natura contaminadas com aflatoxinas, duas ultrapassaram o limite permitido pela legislação.
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus spp., aflatoxinas, amendoim, paçocas, cromatografia
ABSTRACT
Occurrence of Aspergillus and aflatoxin in samples of peanuts in natura and peanut sweet. Some species of fungi of the genus Aspergillus are potential producers of aflatoxin, a secondary metabolite toxic to humans and animals, among them A. flavus and A. parasiticus, known as aflatoxigenics since the beginning of the decade of 60. In humans, aflatoxins are known to be mutagenic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic compounds. This study evaluated the presence of fungi and the production of aflatoxin in peanut kernels in natura destined to the southern industries and peanut sweet purchased in shops in Porto Alegre. The fungal analysis was performed from direct plating of the grains and the detection of the presence of aflatoxins through the chromatography in the dimensional thin layer two-dimensional. It was found the occurrence of Aspergillus spp in 67% of peanut samples and 33% of peanut sweet, aflatoxins were detected in 58% of the samples of peanut and 60% of peanut sweet. The results evidenced relation between the presence of Aspergillus spp and the presence of aflatoxin in grains, but not in peanut sweet. Among the seven samples of peanuts in natura contaminated with aflatoxins, two exceeded the limit allowed by law.
Key words: Aspergillus spp., aflatoxins, peanut, peanut sweet, chromatographyDownloads
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