Analysis quality of the water from shallow wells within the municipality of Caxambu do Sul - SC, a case study

Abstract

This article was intended to verify the quality of the water from shallow wells within the municipality of Caxambu do Sul, by determining the physical, chemical and biological parameters, following the guidelines of the American Public Health Association (APHA), comparing parameters obtained with Ordinance of the Ministry of Health (MOH) nº 2914/2011, thus verifying the potability of groundwater. Three samples were collected in six wells in the area, called shallow well 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. The analysis consisted of evaluation, in duplicate, the parameters related to conductivity, turbidity, pH, alkalinity, acidity, hardness, chlorides, total and fecal coliforms (Escherichia coli). The results obtained were mostly in accordance with current legislation, except for the parameters for the pH, total and fecal coliforms (E. coli). The pH values found for all the wells ranged from 4.8 the 5.6, outside of the range required by the regulation, it takes between 6.0 and 9.5 ideal for human consumption. However, for the biological parameters, the results were positive in 100 mL of sample, for shallow wells 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6, thereby making this unsuitable water consumption due to the risk that it presents human health. As for the shallow pit 5, the results were negative, that is, within the required parameters potability. From these results, it is necessary to look for alternatives and techniques to improve the water quality in question, thus avoiding possible health problems to the consumer population.