Avaliação diafragmática através da ultrassonografia em pacientes ventilados mecanicamente: Revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18316/sdh.v12i2.10601Keywords:
Ventilação, Cuidados Críticos, Diafragma, Ultrassonografia, Diagnóstico.Abstract
Introdução - O uso de ventiladores mecânicos em pacientes críticos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva acarreta em disfunções diafragmáticas, aumentando o tempo de internação e a mortalidade. Objetivo - revisar a literatura sobre a técnica de avaliação diafragmática utilizando o ultrassom em doentes críticos ventilados mecanicamente. Materiais e métodos - revisão sistemática realizada de acordo com a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Guidelines (PRISMA) entre os dias 06 e 12 de Janeiro de 2020 na base de dados Pubmed. Os termos MESH indexados foram "ventilation" AND "diaphragm" AND “ultrasonography”. Resultados - as buscas nas bases de dados resultaram 308 artigos, após avaliação criteriosa foram incluídos no estudo 23 artigos. Por meio da revisão acerca da avaliação diafragmática através da ultrassonografia, observamos que em poucas horas de ventilação mecânica já é possível observar comprometimento diafragmático, a avaliação da fração de espessamento e excursão diafragmática podem predizer sucesso ou falha no desmame e o uso da ventilação no modo ventilação em pressão de suporte (PSV) diminui a perda de espessura diafragmática e, até aumenta a espessura muscular. Conclusão - a ultrassonografia diafragmática é um método que fornece informações importantes para avaliação, e diagnóstico das disfunções diafragmáticas, contribuindo para o melhor desfecho clínico.
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