Comparative Analysis Between Microsatellite Markers STR and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism SNP Used in The Forensic Area

Abstract

Genetic markers knew as Tandem Short Repetitions, or STR, and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism or SNP, are the most applied for genetic identification because of their high level of discrimination in comparative samples in the field of criminal proficiency. Through a qualitative systematic review, the aim of this research was to address the differences, advantages and disadvantages in relation to the two markers used in the forensic context. Comparisons using the two types of markers discussed show that the degree of discrimination is higher in STR markers, but the analyzes in degraded materials are more efficient when using SNP markers. Despite differences in size and availability in the genome, the individual use of these markers would not be indicated to obtain satisfactory results, since STR and SNP performed together would have benefits in DNA identification.