Probióticos no pré e pós-operatório de câncer colorretal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18316/sdh.v11i2.9755Keywords:
Câncer colorretal, Probióticos, Microbiota Intestinal, Pré-operatório, Pós-operatórioAbstract
Introdução: O câncer colorretal (CCR) é o terceiro mais incidente no mundo e apresenta estimativas alarmantes e agravadas pelos transtornos decorrentes da pandemia mundial de COVID-19. A doença e seu tratamento modificam profundamente o microbioma intestinal, podendo interferir no curso da enfermidade e desfecho clínico. Objetivo: Identificar os benefícios e os tipos de probióticos empregados no pré, pós e perioperatório de adultos e idosos com CCR. Materiais e métodos: Revisão integrativa baseada em artigos divulgados no período de 2011 até 2021, nos idiomas português e inglês, utilizando a combinação dos descritores: Idosos; Neoplasias Colorretais; Probióticos; Pré-operatório; Pós-operatório; Terapia Nutricional. Resultados: Selecionaram-se 6 artigos internacionais separados em: uso de probióticos somente no pré-operatório; apenas no pós-operatório; e no perioperatório de CCR. Dentre os benefícios encontrados destacam-se: redução da permeabilidade intestinal e da morbidade séptica pós-cirúrgica; modulação do sistema imunológico e resistência à antibioticoterapia, mas não se observou melhora da diarreia e nem interferência na ocorrência do íleo paralítico. As cepas comercializadas do gênero Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium, administradas via oral, foram as mais citadas, sendo mais benéficas quando usadas no perioperatório. Conclusão: Os estudos apontam a segurança e os vários efeitos favoráveis do uso dos probióticos na assistência da população avaliada.
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