Aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos da infecção por citomegalovírus no Brasil: uma revisão.

Fernando de Carvalho Xavier Bezerra; Alicia  Carolina da Silva Medeiros; Arthur Noronha Costa do Nascimento; Cleverton da Paz Mangabeira; Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias; Paula Renata Lima Machado

doi:10.18316/sdh.v12i3.11082

Autores

Fernando de Carvalho Xavier Bezerra Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9163-0918
Alicia Carolina da Silva Medeiros Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3506-2087
Arthur Noronha Costa do Nascimento Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5967-4873
Cleverton da Paz Mangabeira Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4497-0204
Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3927-444X
Paula Renata Lima Machado Universidade Federal Rio Grande Norte https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3085-9778

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18316/sdh.v12i3.11082

Palavras-chave:

citomegalovírus; prevalência; anticorpos; recém-nascidos; grávidas; HIV; transplante.

Resumo

Introdução: a infecção por citomegalovírus (CMV) é bastante frequente na população estando associada à infecção congênita e à elevada morbimortalidade em pacientes imunocomprometidos. Objetivo: desta revisão foi descrever a soroprevalência da infecção por CMV nas diferentes regiões brasileiras. Materiais e métodos: a pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed e Scielo com seleção de artigos em português, inglês e espanhol publicados de 1995 até dezembro de 2022 que indicassem a prevalência da infecção por CMV nas diferentes regiões do Brasil. Resultados: nas regiões Norte, Nordeste, Centro-oeste e Sul a menor soroprevalência foi de 70,4% e a maior de 96,8%. Na região sudeste, estado de São Paulo, foi observada elevada soroprevalência da infecção por CMV em mulheres gestantes (82,7 a 98,4%). Em receptores de transplante renal variou de 91,8 a 93,3% e doadores de 66,7 a 92,7%, e em pacientes submetidos ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoiéticas (TCTH) variou de 89,1 a 90,4%. Acerca das manifestações clínicas da infecção congênita, observa-se o comprometimento do sistema nervoso central, audição e visão, retardo no desenvolvimento mental e psicomotor. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudos sobre CMV no Brasil concentram-se apenas no estado de São Paulo, comprometendo a análise da soroprevalência e das características da doença em pacientes das diferentes regiões brasileiras.

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