Transcranial direct current stimulation as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of fibromyalgia: a literature review

Abstract

Objective: to evaluate the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (ETCC) as a new therapeutic alternative for patients with fibromyalgia, through a literature review.

Material and Methods: electronic search in the databases Pubmed, LILACS, SciELO and ScienceDirect, from 2008 to 2018, 48 articles were found.

Results: 9 studies were selected according to the criteria: transcranial direct current stimulation in the prefrontal dorsolateral cortex (CDLPF), primary motor cortex (M1), research in humans, clinical trials. These were grouped into three groups: clinical benefits, adverse effects and contraindications. The results demonstrated that the main clinical benefit of ETCC was the decrease in pain after stimulation on M1. In addition, it was noticed that the increase in the number of ETCC sessions is related to the lasting effect of the treatment. The most reported side effects were itching, redness and tingling at the application site. Contraindications to the use of this technique are metallic implants in the head, recent history of neurosurgery, severe psychiatric disorders, pregnancy and lactation, among others.

Conclusion: this review may lead to a better understanding of the clinical benefits of ETCC, directing a new therapeutic alternative for fibromyalgia.