Main Causes of Organ and Tissue Losses for Transplants: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Objective: To identify in the literature the main causes of organ and tissue loss for transplants from published primary studies.

Material and Methods: Integrative review of the literature developed in the databases Scopus, Medline / PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, CINAHL and SciELO, published from 2006 to 2020 in Portuguese, English and Spanish.

Results: Of the 2.713 studies initially recovered, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted, nine studies made up the final sample, the majority of which presented family refusal as the main reason for the loss of organs and tissues during the donation process, followed by PCR, viral serology, hemodynamic instability, inadequate donor, organ conditions, medical contraindication and logistics.

Conclusion: As family refusal was the main cause of losses, it is necessary to implement health education activities in order to guide the population to the importance of donation, as well as the potential donor management phases that need attention so that be able to donate and that can be improved by adopting strict protocols for the identification and maintenance of the potential donor until fundraising for transplantation takes place.