Gestational obesity: spatial monitoring in São Paulo State

Abstract

Objective: It was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obesity during pregnancy in the temporal and spatial dimensions in the State of São Paulo.

Material and Methods: This is an observational, ecological study carried out from 2008 to 2019. Data were collected in the public systems of Datasus and SISVAN. Spatial analyzes with crude and standardized rate of gestational obesity were performed, using the Moran Global and Moran Local indices. Trend analysis was also performed for the period using the Prais-Winsten regression model.

Results: In total, 835,608 pregnant women were registered in SISVAN, of which 21.55% (n = 180,041) were in the condition of obesity. The prevalence rate varied from 12.17 to 30.28 between the years 2008 and 2019. The spatial distribution analysis of the obesity during pregnancy were correlated with the territorial space studied. In the temporal analysis, there was an increasing trend (p = 0.02) for the projections from 2020 to 2022 in the number of cases of pregnant women with obesity.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that gestational obesity has a correlation with the spatial distribution in the State of São Paulo, as well as, a growing trend for the coming years.