EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA NA UCRÂNIA
DESAFIOS, CONDIÇÕES E ESTRATÉGIAS DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO
Palavras-chave:
Educação inclusiva, Estratégias para a educação inclusiva, Condições para implementar a inclusão, Atitudes face à inclusão, Acessibilidade à educaçãoResumo
Desde 2017, a Ucrânia intensificou os processos de reforma e desenvolvimento da educação inclusiva e de criação de um ambiente de aprendizagem que cumpra os padrões europeus em todas as instituições de ensino. Ao mesmo tempo, surgem alguns desafios e barreiras durante a implementação da estratégia e do quadro conceptual de inclusão, que requerem estudo e argumentação aprofundados. O artigo visa estudar os desafios, condições e estratégias para a implementação da educação inclusiva na Ucrânia. A metodologia de investigação baseia-se numa análise jurídica de atos legislativos internacionais e nacionais que contêm condições jurídicas, organizacionais, financeiras, de pessoal e outras condições para a implementação da educação inclusiva na Ucrânia. Os resultados de um inquérito a 304 educadores do Centro de Recursos Inclusivos da Universidade Pedagógica Nacional de Ternopil, em homenagem a Volodymyr Hnatiuk, foram utilizados para compreender as perspectivas de implementação da inclusão na Ucrânia. Os resultados provam que a Ucrânia tem pré-requisitos para o desenvolvimento da educação inclusiva. Os autores identificaram as seguintes condições-chave que são formadas para a implementação de um modelo multidisciplinar de inclusão: condições legais, estratégicas, financeiras, organizacionais, institucionais, de pessoal, sociais e sanitárias e higiênicas para a educação inclusiva. O quadro jurídico internacional e nacional regula uma vasta gama de questões relacionadas com a organização e implementação da inclusão no ambiente educativo de todos os tipos de instituições educativas. No entanto, alguns deles, especialmente aqueles associados à prestação de serviços correcionais e de reabilitação, requerem alterações e aprovação. Para a Ucrânia, as barreiras informacionais, mentais, institucionais e físicas ao desenvolvimento da educação inclusiva são típicas.
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